Stimulus Motives and Primary Drives Essay Example

Stimulus Motives and Primary Drives Paper Primary drives vs stimulus motives Differentiate between stimulus motives with primary drives and explain the functioning of stimulus motives Difference between stimulus motives and primary drives Stimulus motives are unlearned motives that are not based on internal needs and drives. Stimulus motives are sustained by external factors and often are influenced by the individual’s personality and his/her goal; moreover, it drives the individual to know more about his/her being and existence (Pintrich, Schunk, 2002). Stimulus motives are different from primary drives since the basis for the motivation is found on the stimulus, a need to discover and to know, rather than a need to satisfy physiological states like hunger and thirst. Primary drives are innate motives which are shared by all human beings and according to Maslow (Pintrich, Schunk, 2002) are the first needs that should be satisfied so that the person could progress into the satisfaction of higher order needs. Stimulus motives, on the other hand, exists within the individual at varying states and is activated upon the presentation of the stimulus, when a child playing in the sand is presented with a frog, the fro g becomes the stimulus and wanting to know what a frog is, would be the stimulus motive. Functionions of stimulus motives The function of stimulus motives is to lead the individual to learn, this would entail curiosity, exploration, manipulation and contact with the stimulus. Stimulus motives serve an important function in the learning process of the individual, it is from which the individual seeks to understand his/her external environment. It also leads to arousal which determines their reaction and behavior to the stimulus. Reference Pintrich, P. Schunk, D. (2002). Motivation in Education: Theory, Research and Applications 2nd ed. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall. We will write a custom essay sample on Stimulus Motives and Primary Drives specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Stimulus Motives and Primary Drives specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Stimulus Motives and Primary Drives specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

The eNotes Blog 10 Black Authors You Need to Read RightNow

10 Black Authors You Need to Read RightNow Black History Month is an annual celebration of African American achievements and contributions to US history, arts, culture, and literature. Authors like Frederick Douglass and Maya Angelou helped pave the way for many black voices and inspired numerous individuals to contribute to the cultural narrative. While we remember all black authors who have left their legacy on the pages of our nation, it is the contemporary authors were extra excited to watch, for they are the new voices of a generation demanding social, political, and ethical reform. We’ve come up with a list of ten black authors that picked up the pen to continue to shape the narrative while offering a fresh, insightful perspective on the current climate of our contemporary culture. Photo via Brittle Paper   1. Yaa Gyasi †¨ As a shy child of an immigrant family, Gyasi often turned to books as her source of companionship while growing up in Huntsville, Alabama. She earned a BA in English at Stanford University and later went on to receive an MFA from the prestigious Iowa Writers’ Workshop at the University of Iowa. It was during her time in Iowa that Gyasi dove into crafting her debut novel, Homegoing, an emotionally powerful work of historical fiction inspired by the author’s visit to her home country of Ghana in 2009. The highly acclaimed novel has dominated best-seller charts, won numerous honors, and has been praised by esteemed authors all around the world.  Gyasi  worked on her book for seven years, examining the history of slavery in both Ghana and the United States to establish an understanding of where modern-day racial tensions have been derived from. Gyasi credits her writing to many conversations she has had with herself, involving personal identity and its relation to her h eritage. While Gyasi is still relishing the success of her first novel, she has hinted at the start of a second book. As readers anxiously await her future works, it is safe to say that this is only the beginning for Yaa Gyasi. Photo via The Pool 2. Zadie Smith British novelist, short-story writer, and essayist Zadie Smith became a sensation in the literary world with her debut novel, White Teeth, back in 2000 when she was only twenty-four years old. The book won numerous awards for its portrayal of a contemporary, multicultural London told through the eyes of three ethnically diverse families. Smith initially attracted attention from the publishing world while she was producing short stories and essays while earning an English degree at Cambridge University in the late nineties. As a university student, she was offered a six-figure advance for her first two books. A generous advance for such a young, unknown writer created much controversy, ultimately putting her name in the media before her book was even published. Smith went on to publish four more novels:  The Autograph Man (2002), On Beauty (2005), NW (2012), and Swing Time (2016). As an innovative young writer and a woman of mixed race, Smith has become a symbol of a new multiethnic strain of British writing, exploring the blurred lines among ethnic boundaries in contemporary urban life. Photo via The New York Times 3.   Ta-Nehisi Coates National correspondent for The Atlantic, Ta-Nehisi Coates is a writer often criticized for his exploration and opinion on modern cultural, social, and political issues. The Beautiful Struggle: A Father, Two Sons, and an Unlikely Road to Manhood (2008) was Coates’s debut coming-of-age memoir that recounts his experience growing up in a violent West Baltimore. His second book and winner of the National Book Award, Between the World and Me (2015), found a comfortable place on various bestseller lists due to its relevance in a time of frequent, prominent racial incidents in the United States. While attending Howard University in the mid-nineties, Coates became friends with a student named Prince Jones, who was shot to death in 2000 by an undercover police officer. Jones’s death became a symbol of police brutality, presumed racial profiling, and the faded promise of the black-led government of a majority-black country. This event was one of many that influenced Coates in developing narratives that voiced concerns for future generations about the modern black experience in this country. Perhaps the most captivating aspect about Coates’s writing is his ability to combine his personal anecdotes into a historical analysis revealing the lack of progress we’ve made in regards to race relations in the United States. Coates continues to write about the nation’s most contested issues, especially in the current political climate. Above all he is an advocate for change, using his platform to illuminate domestic issues that have been overlooked and ignored for centuries. Photo via The MacArthur Foundation 4. Jesmyn Ward The first woman to win two National Book Awards for fiction, Jesmyn Ward should be on all bookworm radars. Her literary debut was back in 2006 with her first novel, Where the Line Bleeds, but it wasn’t until 2011 when she really got her big break with her award-winning novel  Salvage the Bones. This past year, Ward added a second National Book Award to her resume with her highly applauded novel Sing, Unburied, Sing, which shares the fictional experience of a black family living in a rural Gulf Coast town. Her other published novels include Men We Reaped (2013) and The Fire This Time (2016). Ward’s writing often parallels her own experiences of growing up on food stamps in rural Mississippi while being the only black girl in a private school, paid for by her mother’s employer. Her writing pays homage to the culture of her hometown, exploring what it means to be poor and black in the deep South. Her lyrical storytelling entwines her carefully crafted characters into a universal narrative of systemic racism and the black experience in the United States. Currently an associate English professor at Tulane University, Ward continues to write with hopes of publishing two more novels within the next year. Photo via The Wall Street Journal 5. Paul Beatty The first American writer to be awarded the 2016 Man Booker Award for his novel The Sellout (2015), Paul Beatty is a poet and novelist that often uses humor to juxtapose the unpleasant realities of being black in the United States. In the late nineties, Beatty was crowned the first ever Grand Poetry Slam Champion of the Nuyorican Poets Cafe, to which he was awarded a book deal that resulted in his first volume of poetry, Big Bank Take Little Bank (1991). This was followed by another book of poetry  Joker, Joker, Deuce (1994) and then his first novel, The White Boy Shuffle (1996). Beatty went on to release three more books- Tuff (2000), Slumberland (2008), and The Sellout (2015)- and also edited Hokum: An Anthology of African-American Humor (2006). Beatty is a thoughtful, dynamic writer aiming to make his readers laugh while confronting uncomfortable, yet undeniable, truths. While The Sellout continues to remain one of the most talked about books of the 21st century, it does not mark the pinnacle of Beatty’s literary career. The author currently teaches writing at Columbia University and is expected to publish a few more works within the upcoming year. Photo via Konbini 6. Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie Chances are you’ve heard Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie’s voice before- her 2012 Ted Talk â€Å"We Should All Be Feminists† practically broke the internet with over four-million views and was sampled in Beyonce’s 2013 hit â€Å"Flawless.† Shes undeniably become a defining voice on race and gender in contemporary culture. At nineteen, Adichie abandoned the societal and familial expectations of a medical career and moved to the United States to pursue her dreams of becoming a writer. By the time she was twenty-one, Adichie had already published a collection of poetry, Decisions (1997), and a play, For Love of Biafra (1998). Since the beginning of her literary career, Adichie has explored themes of religion, politics, and love while intertwining a history lesson of the problems that have plagued her home country for centuries. Thus far, Adichie has also published three novels: Purple Hibiscus (2003), Half of a Yellow Sun (2006), and Americanah (2013). She often uses female protagonists to explore what it means to be a woman, preserving her culture in the United States. Her books appear on thousands of required reading lists nationwide; therefore, it’s safe to say that Adichie is becoming a household name. Photo via Princeton University 7. Colson Whitehead New York native Colson Whitehead is a writer difficult to place in one single category. Over the past eighteen years, his work has spanned across a variety of genres, including speculative fiction, magical realism, and even an apocalyptic-zombie novel. It was Whitehead’s debut novel, The Intuitionist (1999), that earned him a spot on so many readers’ watch lists. He went on to publish five more novels, all of which earned various congratulatory honors and awards. Arguably his most notable work, The Underground Railroad (2016), an allegorical history novel that explores the progress of black rhetoric in the United States, won the 2016 National Book Award for Fiction and the 2017 Pulitzer Prize for Fiction. What makes Whitehead such a compelling author is the diversity of his work. He is able to produce a range of quality works that influence an expansive readership. His arsenal of literary works also encompasses short stories, essays, and works of nonfiction, all examples of the multiplicity of his craft. So what’s next for Colson Whitehead? While he continues to publish various essays and content online, rumor has it that Barry Jenkins, director of the Oscar-winning film Moonlight, is teaming up with the author in hopes of producing The Underground Railroad into a drama for Amazon. Photo via Rolling Stone 8. Roxane Gay The â€Å"Bad Feminist† herself, Roxane Gay is best known for her essays and cultural criticism that explore the intersectionality of sexuality, power, gender, and identity. Many consider Gay an â€Å"overnight sensation,† but that’s not necessarily the case. Gay published a short-story collection Ayiti (2011), then two books in 2014: the novel An Untamed State and the essay collection Bad Feminist (2014). It was Bad Feminist that made a splash on the national stage and what many credit as Gay’s rise to fame. This past year, Gay published Difficult Women (2017) and a memoir titled Hunger (2017). Her writing is unapologetic, relatable, and vulnerable, which is why so many young women are drawn to her work. She breaks the barriers between a traditional reader-author relationship to craft a tone that sounds like a longtime friend. During this cultural movement of truth, it’s the honesty of Gay’s work that reassures readers that they are not in this fight alone. Gay is currently an associate professor of English at Purdue University, a  contributing writer at The New York Times, the founder of Tiny Hardcore Press, and the editor of various online publications.  Her next book, How To Be Heard, was scheduled to be released in 2018, but after pulling her book from Simon Schuster  due to their (now terminated) book deal with Milo Yiannopoulos, we’ll have to wait and see. One thing we know for sure is that Roxane Gay has a lot more to say- and we are all ears. Photo via Mass Appeal 9. Marlon James Coming to America with $200 in cash and the promise of a one-year teaching position, Marlon James left everything he knew in Jamaica for a new beginning in Minnesota. The author of three novels- John Crows Devil (2005), The Book of Night Women (2009), and A Brief History of Seven Killings (2014)- it took a while for James to obtain the recognition he deserved upon his induction into the literary world. His first novel, John Crow’s Devil, was rejected nearly 80 times before being accepted for publication. James contemplated giving up writing after the flop of his first novel, but it was the unexpected success of his third novel that is credited with his rise to fame. A Brief History of Seven Killings, which tells a fictional history of the attempted murder of Bob Marley in 1976, made Marlon James the first Jamaican writer to in the Man Booker Prize of 2015. The novel ignited some controversy over the picture it painted of Jamaica, yet HBO is said to be creating a series based on the highly acclaimed novel. In many ways, James is a symbol of hope for all the aspiring writers navigating the waters of their voices and the stories they want to share with the world. He has also brought a new wave of recognition to the diversity amongst Caribbean writers that have traditionally only been looked at in the realms of poetry. The author has indicated that his next project will be a fantasy series titled Black Leopard, Red Wolf that he compares to an  Ã¢â‚¬Å"African Game of Thrones. Photo via Oprah.com 10. Toni Morrison One of the greatest literary minds of our time, there is no denying that Toni Morrison is a legendary figure of American literature. She is the first African American woman to win the Nobel Prize in Literature in recognition of her achievements as a novelist and outstanding talent as a writer. Thus far in her career, Morrison has been awarded countless honors, published ten novels, a play, and various works of nonfiction. Though she published her first two novels, The Bluest Eyes (1970) and Sula (1973), in the early seventies, it was her third novel, Song of Solomon  (1977), that set her literary career ablaze. Song of Solomon became the first work by an African-American author to be a featured selection in the Book of the Month club since Native Son by Richard Wright. However, it is Beloved (1987) that was the winner of the 1998 Pulitzer Prize for Fiction and has been praised as Morrison’s greatest literary masterpiece. The story is a haunting and heartbreaking exploration of slavery and immediately became a huge commercial success. Morrison is a gifted storyteller, and her ability to capture the ethos of the racial dichotomy in the United States is truly remarkable. She gracefully illustrates her narratives through the different lenses of her characters, exploring the complexities of their individual experience and how they contribute to a universal theme. The impact of Morrison’s work is innumerable and should never be confined solely to progress for black authors or black women. Her influence expands beyond racial, class, and cultural boundaries to motivate social change for the sake of future generations and their experiences.   We celebrate all black authors, past and present, that have captured the voice of our nation. Their honesty and courage continue to inspire others to share their stories, embrace diversity, and promote conversations that are necessary for change. Do you want to learn more about these authors and their other literary works? Check out  Ã‚  to find detailed biographies of your favorite authors alongside full summaries and study guides!

A porters 5 forces analysis of Shinetech (Chinese IT Outsourcing Essay

A porters 5 forces analysis of Shinetech (Chinese IT Outsourcing company) - Essay Example Rivalry is an inevitable phenomenon in the business environment. Firms operate in a competitive environment, all of them aiming at capturing a sizeable market share that adequately maximizes revenue generation and profitability (Porter, 1979, p.5-8). Shinetech Company is a key global IT industry mover. To counter rivalry issues, the company employs agile thinking in its operations and further undertakes quality assurance in a bid to maintain a competitive advantage over its rivals. The IT industry unlike other industries does not face strict barriers to entry. In major and highly expensive product and service offering situations however, significant entry barriers are experienced. New entrants into the industry reduce marker share ratios and further reduce revenue generation and profitability for other firms. Entry of new firms or establishment of new divisions by existing firms poses survival threats for some firms, while it creates high benefits for others. To remain competitive in this environment, Shinetech Company has developed an in-house programme for its clients, reduced time to the market and adopted greater flexibility in business (O’Shaughnessy, 2006, p.13-17). As a result, the company maintains its market share and continues to capture more even with entry threats. The company enjoys a diversified product and service portfolio for its customers. New business entities keep coming up, a scenario that Shinetech is concerned about. It is understood that customers are rational, and they therefore seek to maximize their utility at the minimum cost possible. This means that they prefer low costs but high product and service quality. Firms on the other seek to sell as much as they can and at the maximum price possible. Shinetech Company is result-oriented, and therefore has a competitive advantage over rival companies. The company’s clientele is primarily global enterprises that demand software

The influence of birth order on personality Essay

The influence of birth order on personality - Essay Example The theory of Adler would not be applicable for those families that have more than 3 children as there is nothing stated for middle children (Carducci, 156-60). Independence is the main characteristic of the first-born children. Even if they were given the full attention of both parents upon birth, this will change once the second child is born. The attention that would be given by the parents would be divided between the 2 children. Much burden however can be felt by second born children as they are always in the shadow of the first born. There are signs of inferiority that were observed with second born children (Carducci, 156-60; Adler & Mairet, 96-110). Being the youngest child has its positive and negative influences in its personality. Positive effects would be that the youngest child would feel more pampering as there are more people that surround them. The presence of the parents and the older siblings would create a blanket of comfort for the youngest child. This factor could also have negative effect on the child’s personality. Being the youngest in the family, there are quite a number of fulfillments that they need to overcome and to outshine the older siblings to prove his or her capabilities. Most of the times this creates the sense of discouragement in a child and be carried through once the person steps to adulthood (Carducci, 156-60). There are families however that only has 1 child in the family. The only child theory states that these children do have the tendency to be pampered more and be accustomed of being the center of attention. Once this comfort and attention is not given to the child, there is a tendency of becoming more timid, passive and withdrawn. This is the total opposite of being the first born in a family with more than 1 child. The first born children are independent while the only child, though also a first born, is more withdrawn and dependent type of personality (Carducci, 156-60). These theories may be used in trying

Raman Spectroscopy of Toluene and Fluorescence Spectroscopy of Lab Report

Raman Spectroscopy of Toluene and Fluorescence Spectroscopy of Rhodamine 6G - Lab Report Example In Raman spectroscopy, light and matter interacts. Both IR and Raman vibrational bands are described by their frequency (i.e energy), band shape, and intensity. At low frequencies, the fingerprint region is found for most compounds. Raman spectroscopy is much easier to use at low frequencies compared to IR, this is because at low frequencies very many bands are visible on the spectrum. With Raman spectroscopy, it is possible to reject the laser beam at low frequency modes; this would minimize the bands that are seen at the fingerprint region. With IR, this is not possible, and as a result the spectrum cannot be refined to reduce the congestion of peaks. Toluene (methylbenzene) has a CH3 group attached to the benzene ring, for IR spectroscopy, the CH3 group exists at just below 1500 cm-1. This is just at the start of the fingerprint region; therefore Raman spectroscopy would be much better at elucidating its structure over IR. Fluorescence is a spectrochemical method of analysis where the molecules of the analyte are excited by irradiation at a certain wavelength and emit radiation of a different wavelength. The emission spectrum provides information for both qualitative and quantitative analysis. When light of an appropriate wavelength is absorbed by a molecule (i.e., excitation), the electronic state of the molecule changes from the ground state to one of many vibrational levels in one of the excited electronic states. The excited electronic state is usually the first excited singlet state, S1 (Figure 1). Once the molecule is in this excited state, relaxation can occur through several processes. Fluorescence is one of these processes and results in the emission of light. Fluorescence corresponds to the relaxation of the molecule from the singlet excited state to the singlet ground state with emission of light. Fluorescence has short lifetime (~10-8 sec) so that in many molecules it can compete favorably with collision deactivation, intersystem crossing and

My Sisters Keeper | Summary

My Sisters Keeper | Summary Andromeda Anna Fitzgerald: Anna was born with the purpose to safe her sister Kate, now she is thirteen and she doesnt want to do it anymore so she decides to sue her parents for the rights to her own body. Anna is a girl that always wanted to learn new things, she also played hockey on a high level but because she had to help Kate she couldnt continue playing. She also loves astronomy just like her father. Sara Fitzgerald: Sara is the mother of Kate, Jesse and Anna and she would do anything to safe Kates life. When Anna sues her she doesnt understand why and she is afraid that Kate will die without Annas help. Sara is a woman that tries to do the best thing for all of her children but not always in the right way. For thirteen years all of her attention goes to Kate, and her other children suffer the consequences. She also is a former lawyer and she decides to defend her self in Annas lawsuit. Brian Fitzgerald: Brian is Kate, Jesse and Annas Father. When Anna sues him he understands her, and he helps her understand why it is so important for her to help Kate. Brian is a man who likes to keep things cool. He always looks at the situation with a positive mind, and he tries to make the best out of it. Sometimes he goes up on the roof at the fire station (Brian is a fire man) and looks at the stars with his telescope. Jesse Fitzgerald: Jesse is Kate and Annas older brother who nobody pays attention to. His parents are to busy with Kate, and Anna is to busy with her lawsuit. He outs his emotions through pyromania. With these actions he hopes that someone notices him. Jesse looks like he is a tough and cool guy but in reality he is scared. Scared to loose his sister and scared to loose his family. Campbell Alexander: Campbell is the lawyer Anna has hired to help her with her lawsuit. He didnt want to help her at first but when he got to know her and her situation he gave it a shot. Campbell is a man who has a big secret but is too ashamed to tell anyone. But when something goes wrong in the courtroom everyone finds out his secret. Julia Romano: Julia is Annas guardian ad litem (legal guardian) and an ex girlfriend of Campbell Alexander. As they work on the case together their love grows again and they end up getting married. She lives in an apartment with her sister and loves her work. C. Summary Kate Fitzgerald was diagnosed with leukaemia at the age of two. The doctors said Kate needed a bone narrow transplant as soon as possible but no family member seems a match, not even Jesse Kates brother. Brian and Sara, Kates parents, try everything they can, but nothing seems to work. Than the doctor finds a solution, but not a common one. He suggests that Brian and Sara should have an other child, but not just a child, a child that is the perfect match for Kate. This is how Anna was born, she was engineered to save her sisters life. For thirteen years now Anna put up with all the transplants and operations because her parents asked her to and she wanted to help Kate. But when Kate needs a kidney transplant Anna is done. She doesnt want to do it anymore and she decides to sue her parents for the rights to her own body. She hires the famous lawyer Campbell Alexander, though he doesnt believe in her case right away he decides to take it. Because Anna is sewing her own parents she need s a legal guardian to make decisions for her and to look how Anna is treated at home. This legal guardian is Julia Romano, an former girlfriend from Campbell Alexander. Eventually Anna wins the lawsuit and Campbell is now her guardian, but than something horrible happens and everything changes. D. Biography of the author Jodi Picoult was born May 19, 1966 in Nesconset, Long Island. Jodi has written fifteen best selling novels, which include my sisters keeper. Jodi studied creative writing at Princeton, she had al lot of jobs before entering Harvard to get a masters in education. She married Tim van Leer, whom she has known from Princeton. Now Jodi lives in New Hampshire with her husband, three children and all of there animals. E. Personal response, answer the questions 1. Did you like the story or not? I loved the story. I love stories where theres a lot of drama involved. And this story has enough of that. I also really liked the idea. I dont think that anyone could write a story like this and write it so realistic when it didnt happen to themselves, but Jodi did and I admire her for that. 2. What was it that you did or did not like? What I liked about the book was that not everything was about drama and death and problems, there where also a lot of fun parts, like the completely different story about Campbell and Julia. It fits perfectly in the book but it isnt about Kate and her family. 3. Choose one action of the main Character and explain: When Kate is in the hospital to get her chemo, she starts talking to the boy sitting next to her, his name is Taylor Ambrose and he also has Leukaemia. They started to talk about chemo and how it sucks that they have leukaemia but that life goes on. When Taylor is done with his chemo he asks for Kates phone number and they make plans for the next day. Why you would have done the same. I dont know actually. I dont know if I would be in a lot of pain or if I would even have that much courage, but Kate thought what the hell and just did it, and maybe I would do the same thing but for now Im not sure. Why you would have acted differently and how If wouldve done it, I wouldve done exactly the same thing. It is a subject that they both relay to and they both have to live with, so why not make life a little better and get a date. The sources I used: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jodi_Picoult http://www.jodipicoult.com/ http://www.fantasticfiction.co.uk/p/jodi-picoult/

Free Color Purple Essays: Recognition and Equality in The Color Purple :: Color Purple Essays

Recognition and Equality in The Color Purple The book, The Color Purple, by Alice Walker is a good example on how over the years women have been making remarkable strides towards achieving success, recognition and equality. From the day they began their closeness to each other, bringing unity in which they never quite used to get in progress of their high quality goal. Their particular goal was against greatest freedom of the man’s rights. It was hard to maintain due to them not be able to point to non-equality because they were treated like slaves. However it was simple to complete with victory. In the book there seem to be at a point where Celie has opened her eyes and starts her own business. She owns a business making pants that she established living in Shug's house. She makes custom pants for her family and then everyone wanted a pair. Through work, she has money and also she dressed well. Her business is booming and everyone is ordering pants from her. This also shows that element of pants. The pants of her business provide Celie with her own identify; now people see her as a master at something and not some housewife. It also shows Celie she has an identity and that she doesn’t have to live with men and do what they tell her. This gives her financial freedom as well. The business brought her into success in which she inherits the house she grew up in and feels even better because now she is living by herself and Nettie, her sister who lives in Africa can come with Celie’s children and her husband and stay with Celie. At this time happiness is ab out to go away since a message comes from the Ministry of Defense saying that Nettie’s ship sunk. This brought Celie loosing all her hope and feels like there is nothing to live for when she states: â€Å"Being alive begin to seem like a awful strain.† (Page. 262). However, then Cellie receives more letters from Nettie stating: â€Å"But one of these days I expect to see your face.† In conclusion, this shows that major success is happing and things are getting better. Nettie does end up coming to America and living with Cellie and therefore, this is a major success. A key role in the book seems to be a sense of

Interviewing Elderly Person

Jheanell Thompson March 28, 2009 LEH301/0792 Black Image Midterm Research Observation Midterm Observation On March 18th, 2009 at Lehman College the college hosted an Educational College Summit for staff, incoming college students and current college students. The topic was based on â€Å"Increase in the Number of New York City High School Graduates Enrolling at CUNY Colleges,† which shows the rising of Blacks and Hispanic High School students from New York City Public Schools that are enrolling into CUNY four year senior and community colleges. More students enrolling from the public schools into CUNY colleges is the proof of the education reforms that are working and preparing students better for higher education opportunities,† mayor Bloomberg had quoted in his speech at the school summit. The summit was educational the reason why is because College Summit inundates these workshop students with resources, such as writing coaches, mentors and trained counselors, in orde r to instill in them the belief that they indeed are ‘college material,’ while providing them with the information and knowledge to enroll in college.College Summit's is to increase the college enrollment rate of low-income students. With high schools, colleges, employers, community leaders and the public sector, College Summit is to work to ensure that every student who can make it in college makes it to college. A growing number of schools, teachers and counselors now have the tools through professional development training provided by College Summit on how to best support the needs of students through the college application process.Educators are also using College Summit's curriculum to break down the application process into more ease. Schools, too, now have the kind of data and support they need to make college access for all students a priority. For preparation of high school student I believe students do succeed at completing their education, progressing into hi gher education can appear to be succeeded with obstacles that cannot be overcome. Yet, we have low income families that should be determine in receiving a college education when the student desires to progress through school.Low income students can be assisted with financial aid from state and federal entities that will allow them to afford higher education. Also, if students that comes from families that have previously attended college, are more likely too easily for students entering college. So, since one of the goals of high schools in the public education system is to prepare students for life following high school, it appears that part of that preparation should be for the student to understand the processes associated with entering higher education.One thing that the mayor speaks on was High School students are now receiving their high school diploma and entering college at the same time. Today High School students are graduating on time is on the rise, because right now it is harder for dropout students to get jobs than for students with high school diplomas. Nowadays, students are required to have good skills in order to get good paying jobs. The only way they can get those skills is by staying in school and getting a diploma to prove they have acquired the skills they need for the job.To me I feel that High School Students should not be permitted to drop out of school because it will be harder for them to get good paying jobs. In our nation’s largest communities today our students of color, primarily African American and Latino are now finishing high school. I guess they now realizing that without a High School diploma can get no one anywhere in life, especially in today’s hard economy we are facing.The point is to reach out to students and point them to the right direction by funding mentoring programs, support groups and etc. I for example, I enjoy being a college student more than being a high school student. In the time that I have been in college, I have seen that more freedom is allowed to students in college than in high school. Such choices as the note taking, the environment, or class selection are a few examples of how college is less restrictive than high school.Because of the educational freedom and having more control over my education, I find being a college student more enjoyable than being a high school student. Schooling is a very important aspect in our lives and we must go through many steps to higher education; the most important steps in society today, are high school and college. Although high school and college aim for the same goal, college is the responsible factor. Since, I had to learn on my very own, since my first year of college as a freshman till now as a senior in college.

Unequal income distribution in USA essays

Unequal income distribution in USA essays Unequal Income Distribution in the U.S.A. In recent years, increasing inequality in the distribution of income has been a subject of considerable public concern, political attention, and academic research. Income inequality is a measure of how equally the income pie is divided among all members of society. The relative income, or gauge, can be defined how well the poor are doing economically compared to the rich. In other words inequality is a measure of how equally the income pie is divided among all members of society. According to Paul Ryscavage in Income Inequality in America, income is influenced by several social, economic, and demographic factors. Occupation, industry of employment and source of income represent the economic factors. The main social factors are household composition, education level, and education quality. Finally, age, sex, and race compose the demographic factors (15). Socio-economic diversity can be a clean representation of how well income is distributed among social groups. In an ideal society the majority of households should have incomes above the cost of basic needs to create a well-balanced economy. Therefore, the foundation of economic success is based largely on this distribution providing a strong middle class that can support the economy and no extreme income gap between rich and poor guarantees economic stability. On the other hand inequitable income distribution may not only lead to economic problems, but also social problems. In Created Unequal, Peter Galbraith believes that income distribution analysis shows that the gap widens more and more between social groups and creates problems (3). These problems can damage the developing process of a society, thus finding solutions to create a well-balanced income distribution is essential for present governments. Through the historical review of the background of the issue of income distribution one can present possible solution...

The Complete IB Extended Essay Guide Examples, Topics, and Ideas

The Complete IB Extended Essay Guide Examples, Topics, and Ideas SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips IB students around the globe fearwriting the Extended Essay, but it doesn't have to be a source of stress! In this article, I'll get you excited about writing your Extended Essay and provide you with the resources to get an A. If you're reading this article, I assume you're an IB Student getting ready to write your Extended Essay. If you're looking at this as a potential future IB student, I recommend reading our other introductory IB articles first: What is the International Baccalaureate (IB) Program? andWhat is the IB Curriculum? What are IB Diploma Requirements? Why Should You Trust My Advice? I'm a recipient of an IB Diploma, and I happened to receive an A on my IB Extended Essay. If you don’t believe me, the proof is in the IBO pudding, If you're confused by what this report means, EE is short for Extended Essay, and English A1 is the subject that my Extended Essay topic coordinated with.In layman’s terms, my IB Diploma was graded during May 2010, I wrote my Extended Essay in the English A1 category, and I received a grade A. Want to get better grades and test scores? We can help. PrepScholar Tutors is the world's best tutoring service. We combine world-class expert tutors with our proprietary teaching techniques. Our students have gotten A's on thousands of classes, perfect 5's on AP tests, and ludicrously high SAT Subject Test scores. Whether you need help with science, math, English, social science, or more, we've got you covered. Get better grades today with PrepScholar Tutors. What Is the Extended Essay? The IB Extended Essay (or EE) is a 4,000 word structured mini-thesis that you write under the supervision of an advisor (an IB teacher at your school), which counts towards your IB Diploma (to learn about all of theIB diploma requirements, check out our other article).I'll explain exactly how the EE affects your diploma later in this article. For the Extended Essay, you choose a research question as a topic; this topic needs to be approved by IBO (which is not very difficult). You can do a typical research paperor conduct an experiment/solve a problem. Most schools allow you to pick your advisor (an IB teacher preferably at your school). I'll explain how to pick your IB EE advisor below. The IB Extended Essay must include: A cover page An abstract (one-page synopsis of your essay) A table of contents The 4,000-word essay (which will range from 10-20 pages depending on whether your topic requires illustrations such as an experiment would) A bibliography Your completed Extended Essay will then sent to the IBO to be graded (I will go into more detail on grading below). What Should You Write About in Your Extended Essay? You can technically write about anything, so long as the IBO approves it.However, you should choose a topic that falls into one of the IB Course Categories, (such as Theatre, Film, Spanish, French, Math, Biology, etc.) which shouldn’t be difficult because there are so many class subjects.Here is a range of sample topics with the attached extended essay: Biology:The Effect of Age and Gender on the Photoreceptor Cells in the Human Retina Chemistry:How Does Reflux Time Affect the Yield and Purity of Ethyl Aminobenzoate (Benzocaine), and How Effective is Recrystallisation as a Purification Technique for This Compound? English:An Exploration of Jane Austen's Use of the Outdoors inEmma Geography:The Effect of Location on the Educational Attainment of Indigenous Secondary Students in Queensland, Australia Math:Alhazen's Billiard Problem Visual Arts:Can Luc Tuymans Be Classified as a Political Painter? You can see from how varied the topics are that you have a lot of freedom when it comes to picking a topic. So, how do you pick when the options are limitless? I will help you with that next: 6 Tips for Writing a Grade A Extended Essay Below are the six key tips you need to follow to write an outstanding Extended Essay. Tip #1: Write About Something You Enjoy I love British theatre and ended up writing mine about a revolution in post-WWII British theatre #theatrenerd.I really encourage anyone who pursues an IB Diploma to take the Extended Essay seriously.I ended up receiving a full-tuition merit scholarship to USC’s School of Dramatic Arts program and in my interview for the scholarship, I spoke passionately about my Extended Essay.I genuinely think my Extended Essay helped me get my scholarship. How do you find a topic you are passionate about? Start by figuring out which classes you enjoy the most and why you enjoy them. Do you like Math because you like to problem solve? Or do you enjoy English because you like to analyze texts? Once you have figured out a general subject area such as physics, you should brainstorm more specific topics by putting pen to paper. What was your favorite chapter you learned in that class? Was it astrophysics or mechanics? What did you like about that specific chapter? Is there something you want to learn more about? I recommend spending an hour on this type of brainstorming. Tip #2: Chose a Topic That Is Not Too Broad or Too Narrow This is a fine line. You need to write about something specific, but not so specific that you can’t write 4,000 words on it.You can’t write about WWII because that would be a book's worth of material.You don’t want to write about what type of soup prisoners of war received in POW camps because you probably can’t come up with 4000 words on it.However, you could possibly write about how the conditions in German POW camps were directly affected by the Nazis successes and failures. This may be too obvious of a topic, but you get my point. If you're really stuck trying to find a not too broad or narrow topic, I recommend trying to brainstorm a topic that uses a comparison.Once you begin looking through the list of sample essays below, you may notice that many use comparisons. I also used comparison in my EE, comparing Harold Pinter's Party Time to John Osborne's Look Back in Angerin order to show a transition in British Theatre. Topics with comparisons of 2-3 plays/books/diets/etc. tend to be in the sweet spot of not too narrow or broad because you can analyze each portion and after doing in-depth analysis on each, you compare and explain the significance of the comparison. The key here is that the comparison needs to be significant. I compared two plays to show a transition in British Theatre. Comparisons are not the only way to get a grade A EE. Ifafter brainstorming, you pick a non-comparison based topic and you are still unsure if a topic is too broad or narrow, spend 30 minutes doing some basic research and see how much material is out there. If there are over 1,000 books/articles/documentaries out there on the exact topic, it may be too broad. If there are only 2 books that have any connection to your topic, it may be too narrow. If you are still unsure, ask your advisor! Speaking of advisors: Don't get stuck with a narrow topic! Tip #3: Choose an Advisor Who Is Familiar With Your Topic If you are not certain of who you would like to be your advisor, I would start by creating a list of your top three choices. Next, create a list of pros and cons (I know this sounds tedious, but it really helps!). For example, Mr. Green is my favorite teacher, and we get along really well, but he teaches English, and I want to conduct an experiment to compare the efficiency of American Hybrid Cars to Foreign Hybrid Cars. Ms. White teaches Physics, I had her a year ago, and she liked me. She could help me design my experiment. I am going to ask Ms. White! Do NOT just ask your favorite teacher to be your advisor. They may be a hindrance to you if they teach another subject. I would not suggest asking your Biology teacher to guide you in writing your English EE. EXCEPTION: If you have a teacher who is passionate and knowledgeable about your topic (as my English teacher was about my Theatre topic), you can ask that instructor. Consider all of your options first before you do. There was no theatre teacher at my school, so I could not find a theatre-specific advisor, but I chose the next best thing. Some IB high schools require your IB Extended Essay advisor to sign an Agreement Form. Make sure you ask your IB coordinator if there is any required paperwork. IBO does not require any paperwork. If your school needs a Form signed, make sure you bring it with you when you ask a teacher to be your EE advisor. Tip #4: Choose an Advisor Who Will Push You to Be Your Best Some teachers may just take on students because they have to and may not be passionate about reading drafts and may not give you a lot of feedback.Choose a teacher who will take the time to read several drafts and give you extensive notes.I would not have gotten my A without being pushed to make the draft better. Ask a teacher that you have experience with through class or an extracurricular activity. Do not ask a teacher that you have no connection to; a teacher who does not know you is unlikely to push you. Note: The IBO only allows advisors to suggest improvements to the EE, but they may not be engaged in writing the EE. The IBO recommends that the supervisor spends approximately two to three hours in total with the candidate discussing the EE. Tip #5: Make Sure Your Essay Has a Clear Structure and Flow IB likes structure.Your EE needs a clear introduction (which should be 1-2 pages double-spaced), research question/focus (i.e. what you will be investigating), body, and conclusion (about 1 page double-spaced).An essay that has unclear or poor organization will be graded poorly.Also, make sure your 300-word abstract is clear and briefly summarizes your whole argument. An ambiguous abstract will make it more challenging for the reader to follow your essay’s argument and will also hurt the grading of your EE. The body of your EE should make up the bulk of the essay. It should be about 8-18 pages double-spaced (again just depending on whether or not you include diagrams). Your body can be split into multiple parts. For example, if you are doing a comparison, you might have 1/3 of your body as Novel A Analysis, 1/3 as Novel B Analysis, and the last 1/3 as Comparison of Novel A and B Analysis. If you are conducting an experiment or analyzing data such as in this EE, your EE body will have a clear and obvious parts following the scientific method: stating the research question, discussing your method, showing the data, analyzing the data, discussing uncertainties, and drawing a conclusion/evaluating the experiment. Tip #6: Start Writing Sooner Rather Than Later! You will not be able to crank out a 4,000-word essay in a week and get an A.You will be reading many, many articles (and, depending on your topic, possibly books, plays, and watching movies).Start the research possible as soon as possible. Each school has a slightly different deadline for the Extended Essay. Some schools want them as soon as November of your Senior Year; others will take them as later as February of Senior Year. Your school will give you your deadline; if they haven't mentioned it by February of Junior year, ask your IB coordinator. Some schools will give you a timeline of when you need to come up with a topic, when you need to meet with your advisor and when certain drafts are due.Not all schools do. Ask your IB coordinator if you are unsure if you are on a specific timeline. Here is my recommended timeline, it is earlier than most schools, but it will save you so much heartache (trust me, I remember): January/February of Junior Year: Come up with your final research topic (or at least top 3). February of Junior Year: Approach a teacher about being your EE advisor (if he or she says no, keep asking others until you find one - see my notes above on how to pick an EE advisor). April/May of Junior Year: Submit an outline of your EE and a bibliography of potential research sources (I recommend at least 7-10) to your EE advisor. Meet with your EE advisor to discuss your outline. Summer between Junior and Senior Year: Complete your first full draft over the summer between Junior and Senior Year!I know, I know no one wants to work during the summer, but trust me this will save you so much stress come the fall when you are busy with college applications and other IB internal assessments for your IB classes.You will want to have this first full draft done because you will want to complete a couple of draft cycles as you likely won’t be able to get everything you want to say into 4000 articulate words the first time. Try to get this first draft into the best possible shape you can, so that you do not have to work on too many revisions during the school year on top of your homework/college applications/work/extracurriculars/etc. August/September of Senior Year: Turn in your first draft of your EE to your advisor and receive feedback. Work on incorporating their feedback into your essay. If they have a lot of suggestions for improvement, ask if they will read one more draft before the final draft. September/October of Senior Year: Submit second draft of EE to your advisor (if necessary) and receive their feedback. Work on creating the best possible final draft. November-February of Senior Year: Submit two copies of your final draft to your school to be sent off to IBO. You likely will not get your grade until after you graduate. The early bird DOES get the worm! How’s the Extended Essay Graded? Extended essays are marked by external assessors (examiners appointed by the IB) on a scale of 0 to 34.You'll be graded on five criteria, each with its own set of points. You can learn more about how you'll be graded on each criterion by reading the IB guide to extended essays. Criterion A: Focus and method (6 points maximum) Criterion B: Knowledge and understanding (6 points maximum) Criterion C: Critical Thinking (12 points maximum) Criterion D: Presentation (4 points maximum) Criterion E: Engagement (6 points maximum) How well you do on each of these criteria will determine the final letter value you get for your essay. Although each criterion has a point value, IB explicitly states that graders are not converting point totals into grades; instead, they use qualitative grade descriptors to determine the final grade of your EE.Grade descriptors are on page 103 of this document. However, here's a rough estimate of how different point values translate to letter grades, based on previous scoring methods for EE. Remember though, this is just an estimate, and you should read and understand the grade descriptors so you know exactly what the scorers are looking for. Rubric Assessment Points Earned Descriptor Letter Grade 30 – 34 Excellent: A 25 – 29 Good: B 17 – 24 Satisfactory: C 9 – 16 Mediocre: D 0 - 8 Elementary: E Here is the typical breakdown of scores (from 2014): % Awarded Grade A B C D E Extended Essay 13% 24% 38% 22% 2% How Does the Extended Essay Grade Affect Your IB Diploma? The Extended Essay grade is combined with your TOK (Theory of Knowledge) grade to determine how many points you get towards your IB Diploma.To learn about Theory of Knowledge or how many points you need to receive your IB Diploma, read our other articles on What is the International Baccalaureate (IB) Program?or IB Diploma Requirements.This diagram shows how the two scores are combined to determine how many points you receive for your IB diploma (3 being the most, 0 being the least). So, let’s say you get an A on your EE and a B on TOK, you will get 3 points towards your diploma. As of 2014, a student who scores an E on either the extended essay or TOK essay will not be eligible to receive an IB diploma.Prior to the class of 2010, a diploma candidate could receive a failing grade in either the extended essay or theory of knowledge and still be awarded a diploma, but this is no longer true. Sample Extended Essays In case you want a little more guidance on how to get an A EE. Here areover 50 Excellent (grade A) sample extended essays for your reading pleasure: Biology 1 Biology 2 Biology 3 Chemistry 1 Chemistry 2 Chemistry 3 English 1 English 2 English 3 English 4 English 5 English 6 English 7 English 8 Geography 1 Geography 2 Geography 3 History 1 History 2 History 4 History 5 ITGS 1 ITGS 2 Mathematics 1 Mathematics 2 Mathematics 3 Mathematics 4 Music 1 Philosophy 1 Philosophy 2 Philosophy 3 Philosophy 4 Physics 1 Physics 2 Politics 1 Politics 2 Politics 3 Psychology 1 Psychology 2 Psychology 3 Social and Cultural Anthropology 1 Social and Cultural Anthropology 2 Visual Arts 1 Visual Arts 2 Visual Arts 3 Visual Arts 4 World Religion 1 World Religion 2 What’s Next? Trying to figure out what extracurricular you should do? Learn more about participating in Science Olympiad, starting a club, doing volunteer work, andjoining Student Government. Studying for the SAT? Check out our complete guide to the SAT.Taking the SAT in the next month? Check out our guide to cramming. Not sure where you want to go to college? Check out our guide to finding your target school.Also, figure out your target SAT score or target ACT score. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Technology and the Education of Young Children Assignment

Technology and the Education of Young Children - Assignment Example OR) for Infants and Toddlers is an assessment tool consisting of forms and software, both which can be used to study the every-day development of children from the ages of 6 weeks to 3 years. It is featured in the Highscope Website. Unlike other assessment tools, which primarily focus on the infants and toddlers’ problems as well as deficits, COR gives a wholesome picture of each child’s developing abilities. The assessment programs, The Infant Toddler Social Emotional Assessment (ITSEA) and Brief Infant Toddler Social Emotional Assessment (BITSEA), along with ITSEA/BITSEA Scoring assistant software are sold in the Pearson Canada website. The programs along with the software are mainly used to assess the mental and social development of infants and toddlers. Particularly used for children in the age-group of 12 to 35 months old, it aids the parents to find whether their children exhibit atypical behaviors, show signs of disorders like autism, etc., so it can be corrected. The kindergarten readiness test, featured in the website School Sparks, consists of multiple choice questions for preschoolers and kindergarteners. These questions are from eight developmental areas, which are important to children’s success in the preschool period as well as kindergarten. After completing this test and seeing the personalized commentary about their children’s performance, parents can fine tune their wards, so they are well prepared for kindergarten. This skill assessment test, featured in the website Kinder IQ, consists of around 16 to 20 fun plus flash based questions, which can be done by the kindergarten aged children alone, or with the aid of parents. The questions are from different kindergarten learning areas, and their answers can provide insight into the children’s core knowledge. At the same time, it also highlights those aspects that can be further developed. The Infant-Toddler Developmental Assessment (IDA), sold in the website Pro-Ed, is a

Advanced Portfolio Management Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Advanced Portfolio Management - Research Paper Example Efficient market hypothesis works on the assumption that on the average the investors have rational expectation. With available information individual investor’s reactions are random and follow a normal distribution pattern. This in turn implies that no individual investor can outperform the market on a consistent basis. Individual investors may over or under react; individual investors may outperform or underperform for a short period. But all the deviations are random in nature and will self-correct in a short period. Thus market will always be right (Copeland and Weston, 1988). Among the three forms of efficiency, the weak form efficiency hypothesizes that the current market price does not reflect fair value and only reflects the past prices. Since it does not adapt to a change in current information, the future price cannot be predicted from past or current prices. Empirical evidence does not always support weak form efficiency of a market. There have been noted differences between stock market behavior in developed and developing countries. However research findings in different markets are not universally accepted (Elango & Hussein, 2010). Many comparative studies have been done to examine performances of many different stocks and variables results have been observed (Solink, 1973; Cooper, 1982; Urrutia, 1995; Dahel & Laabas, 1999; Rao & Shankaraiah, 2003). To compare the performance of stock markets in a rapidly changing economic scenario worldwide, it was decided to check for weak form efficiency in two developed countries and in two countries belonging to Gulf Co-operation Council for a considerably long period of time in very recent past. Four countries, the names of their stock indices considered and time periods chosen given below. Every week trades take place on 5 days of the week and the other two days are excluded from the analysis. However, given that the countries have different customs,